Interpretation of the strange words of the Quran 4

**(Jarā)**
*“Majrāhā”* (1) means “its causing to run.” It is also read *majrāhā* (with fatḥah), meaning its running or its course. *Majrā* means the path or channel.
*Jāriyah* means a ship. Allah says: *“We carried you in the sailing vessel.”* (2)
*Jawārī* means ships. Allah says: *“And among His signs are the ships in the sea.”* (3)

In this verse Nāfi‘ reads it with the letter **yā’** retained in connected speech only, Ibn Kathīr reads it with the **yā’** in both cases, while the rest of the reciters omit it in both.

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**(Jazā)**
*Yajzī* means “to suffice for him,” “to discharge on his behalf,” or “to compensate for him.”
*Yujzā* (with the first letter ḍammah) means “it suffices for him.”

*“No soul will avail another soul anything.”* (6)
Meaning: it will not discharge anything on its behalf. From the expression *jazā fulān daynah*—“so‑and‑so paid his debt.”
*Tajāzā fulān dayna fulān* means he demanded payment of his debt; *mutajāzī* means one who demands repayment.

*Juz’* means a portion or share. It is also said to mean daughters. It is said: *ajza’at al‑mar’ah* when a woman gives birth to a female child. In Qur’anic commentary it is mentioned that the Arab polytheists said the angels were the daughters of Allah—exalted is He far above what the wrongdoers say.

*Jāzāhu bi‑fi‘lih* means he recompensed him for his deed. Allah says:
*“And is anyone recompensed except the ungrateful?”* (8)

It is read with **nun** (first person plural) with *al‑kafūr* in the accusative, and also read with **yā’** with *al‑kafūr* in the nominative, meaning: “Is anyone repaid with such a recompense except the ungrateful?”

*“He in whose bag it is found—he himself shall be the penalty.”* (9)
It is said this was the law in the legislation of Jacob (peace be upon him).

*Jizyah* (10) means the tax placed upon the head of a person which the ruler collects annually. Its plural is *ajzā’*. It is called *jizyah* because it is a payment in settlement of what they owe.

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**(Jafā)**
*“Their sides forsake their beds.”* (1)
Meaning they rise and keep away from the bed. One says: *tajaffā janbuhu ‘an al‑firāsh* when a person cannot remain on the bed because of fear, pain, or worry.

*Jafā’* also means worthless matter that amounts to nothing. Allah says:
*“As for the foam, it passes away as scum.”* (2)

It also refers to what the flood throws aside, such as foam.

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**(Jalā)**
A thing *tajallā* when it becomes clear or uncovered. Allah says:
*“And by the day when it appears.”* (3)

*“When his Lord manifested Himself to the mountain.”* (4)
Meaning He manifested through the signs He produced in the mountain. *Tajallī* means manifestation or appearance.

*“Jallāhā”* (5) refers to the darkness, even though it is not mentioned explicitly—similar to saying “it will be manifest today,” meaning tomorrow.

*Jalā’* also means leaving one’s homeland or country; people may be said to have been expelled from their lands.

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**(Janā)**
*“Janiyyā”* means fresh or ripe. It may also be said *janniyyan* or *majnīyyan* meaning tender.

*“The fruit of the two gardens.”* (6)
Meaning what is gathered or picked from them.

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**(Jaw)**
*Jaw* means the space between the heaven and the earth.
*“The atmosphere of the sky.”* (7) means the air far above the earth.

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**(Jiyā)**
*“Then the pains of childbirth drove her.”* (8)
Meaning they brought her or forced her to go there; it is also said it means they compelled her.

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### **Sixth Type (Words beginning with Ḥā’)**

**(Ḥarā)**
*“Seek right guidance.”* (1)
Meaning aim for it and intend it. *Taḥarrī* and *tawakhkhī* both mean deliberately aiming at something.

**(Ḥaṣā)**
*Iḥṣā’* may mean knowledge and awareness, or the ability to encompass something.
*“He has enumerated everything in number.”* (2)
Meaning He counted it all.
*“If you tried to count the blessings of Allah, you could not enumerate them.”* (3)

**(Ḥafā)**
*“They ask you about it as though you were well informed about it.”* (4)
Meaning they ask you about it as if you were deeply knowledgeable about it.

*Ḥafī* means someone who investigates thoroughly in questioning, or someone knowledgeable about a matter. The meaning is: as though you asked about it repeatedly until you knew it.

One says *aḥfā fulān fī al‑mas’alah* when he insists strongly and persists in questioning.

*“He presses you hard.”* (5)
Meaning he insists upon you and burdens you. *Aḥfā*, *alḥafa*, and *alḥaḥa* all convey persistent insistence.

*Ḥafī* also means kind or dutiful.
*“Indeed, He has always been kind to me.”* (6)

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**(Ḥalā)**
*“From their ornaments.”* (7)
This refers to anything used for adornment: gold, silver, or objects made of iron, brass, copper, or lead.

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**(Ḥamā’)**
*“Ḥama’”* (8) is the plural of *ḥama’ah*, meaning black, altered mud.
*“Masnūn”* (9) means shaped or fashioned; it is also said to mean poured and molded as if cast into a form.

*“Ḥami’ah”* (10) (with hamzah) refers to dark, muddy water.

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