The death of the Messenger of God, may God bless him and his family and grant them peace
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-Islamic research البحث الإسلامي
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Al-Talqani narrated from Muhammad ibn Hamdan al-Saydilani, from Muhammad ibn Muslim al-Wasiti, from Muhammad ibn Harun, from Khalid al-Hadhdha’, from Abu Qilabah, from Abdullah ibn Zayd al-Jarmi, from Ibn Abbas, who said:
When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) became ill, while his companions were with him, Ammar ibn Yasir stood up and said to him:
> “May my father and mother be sacrificed for you, O Messenger of Allah! Who will wash you? For no one touches any part of your body except that the angels assist him in doing so.”
He replied:
> “May my father and mother be sacrificed for you, O Messenger of Allah! Then who among us will perform the prayer over you when that time comes?”
He said:
> “Be quiet, may Allah have mercy upon you.”
Then he said to Ali:
> “O son of Abu Talib! When you see that my soul has departed from my body, wash me thoroughly, shroud me in these two garments of mine, or in white Egyptian cloth and two Yemeni garments. Do not be excessive regarding my shroud. Carry me until you place me at the edge of my grave. The first to pray over me will be the Almighty, Majestic in His Glory, from above His Throne; then Jibril, Mika’il, and Israfil with hosts of angels whose number none knows except Allah, the Mighty and Majestic.
>
> Then those surrounding the Throne, then the inhabitants of each heaven in succession, then the people of my household and my womenfolk, the nearer among them and then the nearer. They should pray silently and offer salutations quietly. Do not trouble me with loud cries of mourning or lamentation.”
Then he said:
> “O Bilal, gather the people for me.”
The people assembled, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) came out with his head wrapped in a turban, leaning on his bow until he ascended the pulpit. He praised and glorified Allah, then said:
> “O my companions! What kind of Prophet have I been among you? Did I not struggle among you? Were not my teeth broken? Was not my forehead covered in dust? Did blood not flow over my face until it soaked my beard? Did I not endure hardship and exhaustion with the ignorant among my people? Did I not tie stones to my stomach from hunger?”
They replied:
> “Indeed, O Messenger of Allah! You were patient for Allah, forbidding evil and enduring affliction. May Allah reward you on our behalf with the best reward.”
He said:
> “And may Allah reward you as well.”
Then he said:
> “My Lord, Mighty and Majestic, has decreed and sworn that no injustice committed by an oppressor shall pass unrequited. Therefore, I adjure you by Allah: if any man among you has a grievance against Muhammad, let him stand and seek retribution from him now.
>
> Retribution in this worldly life is more beloved to me than retribution in the Hereafter before the angels and prophets.”
Then a man from the far side of the gathering stood up, called Suwadah ibn Qays, and said:
> “May my father and mother be sacrificed for you, O Messenger of Allah! When you were returning from Ta’if, I came to meet you while you were riding your she-camel al-‘Adba’, holding a slender stick in your hand. You raised the stick intending the mount, but it struck my stomach. I do not know whether intentionally or unintentionally.”
The Prophet replied:
> “Allah forbid that I should have done so intentionally.”
Then he said:
> “O Bilal! Go to the house of Fatimah and bring me the slender stick.”
Bilal went out calling through the streets of Madinah:
> “O people! Who is there that gives retribution against himself before the Day of Resurrection? Here is Muhammad giving retribution against himself before the Day of Resurrection!”
Bilal knocked at Fatimah’s door saying:
> “O Fatimah! Rise, for your father wants the slender stick.”
Fatimah (peace be upon her) came saying:
> “O Bilal! What does my father want with the stick? This is not a day for the stick!”
Bilal said:
> “O Fatimah! Do you not know that your father has ascended the pulpit bidding farewell to the people of religion and this world?”
Fatimah cried out:
> “What anguish! O my father! Who will care for the poor, the needy, and the wayfarer after you, O beloved of Allah and beloved of hearts?”
Then she handed the stick to Bilal. He brought it to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), who said:
> “Where is the old man?”
The man said:
> “Here I am, O Messenger of Allah! May my father and mother be sacrificed for you.”
The Prophet said:
> “Come and take your retribution from me until you are satisfied.”
The man said:
> “Expose your stomach to me, O Messenger of Allah.”
So the Prophet uncovered his stomach. The man then said:
> “May my father and mother be sacrificed for you! Will you permit me to place my mouth upon your stomach?”
The Prophet permitted him. The man said:
> “I seek refuge, through the place of retribution on the stomach of the Messenger of Allah, from the Fire on the Day of Fire.”
The Messenger of Allah said:
> “O Suwadah ibn Qays! Will you pardon or seek retribution?”
He replied:
> “Rather, I pardon, O Messenger of Allah.”
The Prophet said:
> “O Allah! Pardon Suwadah ibn Qays just as he pardoned Your Prophet Muhammad.”
Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) rose and entered the house of Umm Salamah saying:
> “O Lord! Protect the nation of Muhammad from the Fire and make their reckoning easy.”
Umm Salamah said:
> “O Messenger of Allah! Why do I see you distressed and your color changed?”
He replied:
> “My death has just been announced to me. Peace be upon you in this world; after today you shall never again hear the voice of Muhammad.”
She cried:
> “What sorrow! A grief beyond all regret over you, O Muhammad!”
Then he said:
> “Call for me the beloved of my heart and the comfort of my eyes, Fatimah.”
Fatimah came saying:
> “My soul is a ransom for your soul, and my face a shield for your face, O my father! Will you not speak to me a word? I see you departing from this world, and I see the hosts of death overwhelming you severely.”
He said to her:
> “My daughter, I am departing from you. Peace be upon you from me.”
She said:
> “O my father, where shall we meet on the Day of Resurrection?”
He replied:
> “At the Reckoning.”
She said:
> “And if I do not meet you there?”
He said:
> “At the intercession for my community.”
She said:
> “And if I do not meet you there?”
He replied:
> “At the Bridge (al-Sirat). Jibril will be on my right, Mika’il on my left, and the angels before and behind me, calling:
>
> ‘O Lord! Protect the nation of Muhammad from the Fire and make their reckoning easy.’”
Fatimah said:
> “Where will my mother Khadijah be?”
He replied:
> “In a palace with four doors opening into Paradise.”
Then the Messenger of Allah fainted. Bilal entered saying:
> “The prayer, may Allah have mercy on you!”
The Messenger of Allah came out and led the people in prayer, shortening it. Then he said:
> “Call for me Ali ibn Abi Talib and Usamah ibn Zayd.”
They came, and he placed one hand on Ali’s shoulder and the other on Usamah’s, then said:
> “Take me to Fatimah.”
They carried him until they placed his head in her lap. Al-Hasan and al-Husayn (peace be upon them) were weeping and crying out:
> “Our souls are a ransom for your soul, and our faces a shield for your face!”
The Messenger of Allah said:
> “Who are these two, O Ali?”
Ali replied:
> “These are your two sons: Hasan and Husayn.”
So he embraced and kissed them. Hasan wept intensely, and the Prophet said:
> “Enough, O Hasan, for you have grieved the Messenger of Allah.”
Then the Angel of Death descended and said:
> “Peace be upon you, O Messenger of Allah.”
He replied:
> “And upon you be peace, O Angel of Death. I have a request of you.”
The angel asked:
> “What is your request, O Prophet of Allah?”
He said:
> “Do not take my soul until Jibril comes to me, greets me, and I return his greeting.”
The Angel of Death departed saying:
> “O Muhammad!”
Jibril met him in the heavens and asked:
> “O Angel of Death, have you taken Muhammad’s soul?”
He replied:
> “No, O Jibril. He requested that I not take it until he meets you and exchanges greetings with you.”
Jibril said:
> “O Angel of Death! Do you not see the gates of heaven opened for the soul of Muhammad? Do you not see the maidens of Paradise adorned for the soul of Muhammad?”
Then Jibril descended and said:
> “Peace be upon you, O Abu al-Qasim.”
The Prophet replied:
> “And upon you be peace, O Jibril. Come near to me, my beloved Jibril.”
Jibril approached. Then the Angel of Death descended, and Jibril said to him:
> “O Angel of Death! Observe Allah’s trust regarding the soul of Muhammad.”
Jibril stood on his right, Mika’il on his left, while the Angel of Death took his soul.
When the cloth was lifted from the face of the Messenger of Allah, he looked at Jibril and said:
> “At times of hardship, do you abandon me?”
Jibril replied:
> “O Muhammad! Indeed you will die, and indeed they too will die. Every soul shall taste death.”
It is also narrated from Ibn Abbas that during that illness the Messenger of Allah used to say:
> “Call my beloved to me.”
One man after another would be called, but he would turn away from them. It was then said to Fatimah:
> “Go to Ali, for we do not think the Messenger of Allah intends anyone other than him.”
Fatimah sent for Ali. When Ali entered, the Messenger of Allah opened his eyes, his face brightened, and he said:
> “Come to me, O Ali! Come to me, O Ali!”
He continued drawing him closer until he took his hand and seated him beside his head.
Then he fainted. Hasan and Husayn came crying and screaming until they threw themselves upon the Messenger of Allah. Ali wanted to move them away, but the Messenger regained consciousness and said:
> “O Ali! Let me smell them and let them smell me. Let me take provision from them and let them take provision from me.
>
> Indeed, after me they shall be wronged and killed unjustly. May Allah curse whoever wrongs them.”
He repeated this three times.
Then he stretched his hand toward Ali and drew him close until he brought him beneath the cloak covering him. He placed his mouth upon Ali’s mouth and spoke privately with him for a long time until his pure soul departed — blessings of Allah be upon him and his family.
Ali then emerged from beneath the cloak and said:
> “May Allah magnify your reward concerning your Prophet, for Allah has taken him unto Himself.”
Voices rose in crying and lamentation. Then Amir al-Mu’minin Ali (peace be upon him) was asked:
> “What did the Messenger of Allah confide to you when he brought you beneath his cloak?”
He replied:
> “He taught me one thousand gates of knowledge, from each gate another thousand gates are opened to me.” (8)
Footnotes:
1. Variant reading: “Do not trouble me.”
2. Variant reading: “wailing woman.”
3. Variant reading differs.
4. Variant reading: “Then he fainted.”
5. This may contain an inconsistency, since Usamah had reportedly left Madinah with the army encamped outside it.
6. Variant reading: “Whenever.”
7. Variant reading: “He looked.”
8. Al-Amali of al-Saduq, pp. 376–379.
Excerpted from Bihar al-Anwar, vol. 22.
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